The technique of gene cloning has important applications...

The technique of gene cloning has important applications in medicine, biotechnology, agriculture and research. Discuss two applications of this technique, which in your opinion, have had significant impact on society. Gene cloning is achieved by inserting a required gene into a vector DNA. This produces Recombinant DNA and when introduced to a host cell the vector is copied. It divides to produce lots of copies of the gene of interest (Willey, Sherwood and Woolverton, 2012). There are many applications of gene cloning, the two which will be discussed in this essay are; genetically modified crops and using genetic fingerprinting for identification and relationship testing. Genetically modified crops can contain genes from sources†¦show more content†¦Seeds or pollen from a local genetically modified crop farm are deposited on the organic farm meaning that not all crops are organic. Subsequently, the consumer is being misled if sold as organic. This has led to new laws being introduced for farmers, making the genetically modified crop growers liable. Insurance is therefore important, another additional cost to the farmers (Bailey and Lappà ©, 2002). The second technique in this essay is genetic fingerprinting. It is one of the most powerful tools of human engineering. Every plant and animal is unique because they each have their own set of genes. Scientists have developed a technique to determine individual DNA patterns, these are called genetic fingerprints. Like fingerprints, they are unique to every individual and therefore have many advantages. The discovering and developing of genetic fingerprinting techniques and uses has brought about a certain degree of social impact. Genetic fingerprints can be used to identify suspects from a crime scene. DNA is found in blood, hair, saliva and seminal fluid. If any of these are recovered at a crime scene they can be used to find the genetic fingerprint. 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